Flight Fatigue Experienced By Pilots

Flight Fatigue Experienced By PilotsFlight Fatigue Experienced By PilotsFor years, pilot fatigue has been a real issue. Airline pilots, as well as cargo, corporate and charter pilots, can all face fatigue while on the job. While pilot fatigue can be common and overlooked, it poses a very troubling threat to aviation safety and should be taken seriously. There is a long history of debates between regulatory agencies, airline pilots and unions, and aircraft operators over pilot fatigue issues. Today, the issue is still being argued as the industry tries to find a common solution to decrease the risks associated with fatigue. The Problem With Pilot Fatigue Pilot fatigue has been a real problem since the beginning of air travel. Charles Lindbergh fought to stay awake on his record-breaking 33.5-hourtransatlantic flight from New York to hauptstadt von frankreich on the Spirit of St. Louis. Long-haul pilots have reported falling asleep at the controls. Cargo pilots that fly at night fa ce fatigue from challenging the bodys natural internal clock. The Lindbergh flight provides a great example for the real issue today fatigue is an acceptable risk and one that isnt given enough credit. Lindbergh flew from New York to Paris without falling asleep. Similarly, pilots, today get away with flying tired all the time. If you ask an average pilot how much sleep he got the night before a flight, its probably on par with the average American, which is about six and a half hours. It might be an acceptable amount of sleep if you have a desk job. But the additional stressors of a pilots 10-hour workday, long commutes, lengthy flights, terrible airport diets, long layovers in airport lounges, and potential jet-lag increase operational risks for pilots. One more thing pilots, like everyone else,face unique family situations, financial stressand other life stressoutside of work. In general, your average pilot might be physically, mentally and emotionally exhausted when he takes th e controls. But time after time, the plane takes off and lands without incident, making fatigue a somewhat socially acceptable risk in the aviation world. Causes Obviously, fatigue is caused by lack of sleep. But its not always that simple. It can manifest acutely, such as after a runner completes a marathon, or over time, which we may know as burnout. Here are some specific causes of fatigue Lack of quality sleepSleep disturbancesInterruption of circadian rhythmMental or emotional stress (such as family problems, anxiety, or check ride stress)Physical exertion, such as heavy exercisePoor health, including dehydration or poor diet Specifically, fatigue in pilots can be caused, or amplified by, the following Commuting some pilots start their day 2-3 hours earlier than others to commute to work. Some have to drive a long distance to the airport more often, though, a pilots commute is because he doesnt live near his home base at all, and he must fly in from a different airport, add ing hours to the beginning of his day.Layovers at airports sometimes pilots will have a 12-hour layover at an airport, where they are meant to rest. Instead, some choose not to sleep, or otherwise cant get to sleep. They watch TV, check email, or catch up with old friends and might get a few hours of sleep before their next flight departs. Jet-lag More apparent with long-haul pilots,jet-lag can be a big problem when it comes to pilot fatigue. Most operators give ample time for pilots to adjust to jet lag, but the body does go through stress when its circadian rhythm is interrupted, making it hard for pilots to sleep when they need to, and difficult for them to stay awake later when they need to.Night flying Cargo pilots, especially, deal with fatigue when flying lengthy routes at night due to the imbalance of the bodys natural circadian rhythm. This will be especially true for those pilots that have varying schedules or alternate day and night shifts. Monotonous tasks Pilots that fl y the same aircraft on the same routes into the same airports daily are prone to boredom fatigue. Symptoms Falling asleepYawningPoor visual acuityFeeling sluggish or drowsyDecreased reaction timeDecreased concentration Effects Lack of motivationPoor performance of tasksForgetfulnessPoor judgmentDiminished decision-making skills, including making rash decisions or lack of making a decision at allThe ultimate risk of pilot fatigue is an aircraft accident and potential fatalities, such as the Colgan Air crash that occurred in early 2009. Nine hours into his 33-hour flight, Charles Lindbergh wrote in his journal that, ...nothing life can attain, is quite so desirable as sleep. He goes on to record the many effects fatigue had on his flight, including falling asleep with his eyes open and his aircraft getting out of control. Fatigue is a very real problem for flight crews. While the FAA and aviation operators can help mitigate the risks of pilot fatigue through education, changes to flight hour limitations and other fatigue management programs, the ultimate responsibility of fatigue management lie with pilots themselves.